Selasa, 28 Oktober 2025

US Charges Chinese Citizen in Chip Smuggling Case

(iStock)

By:
Team of Hukumindo

Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about "Beragam Pengertian Hukum Tata Negara Menurut Para Ahli", "Theft at the Louvre Museum, Priceless Jewelry Missing", you may read also "Singapore is Considering Implementing Caning as a Punishment" and on this occasion we will discuss about 'US Charges Chinese Citizen in Chip Smuggling Case'.

Two Chinese nationals were arrested in the United States (US). Chuan Geng and Shiwei Yang (both 28) were arrested for smuggling tens of millions of dollars worth of AI chips into China. The smuggling of advanced chips has become a growing concern in Washington. At least US$1 billion (IDR 16 trillion) worth of Nvidia chips entered China after Donald Trump tightened chip export controls earlier this year.[1]

The two Chinese nationals arrested are said to have smuggled US chips into China between October 2022 and July 2025. The shipments were made without a license. The two individuals founded ALX Solutions in California shortly after the chip controls first came into effect. Law enforcement also searched their offices and seized their phones. Communications incriminating the two defendants were found. One of the individuals involved sending chips through Malaysia to circumvent US export regulations.[2] And if you have any legal issue in Indonesia territory, contact us for business inquiry, feel free in 24 hour, we will be glad to assist you. 


*) For further information please contact:
Mahmud Kusuma Advocate
Law Office
Jakarta - Indonesia.
E-mail: mahmudkusuma22@gmail.com

________________
References:

1. "Maling Chip Rp 16 Triliun, 2 Warga China Ditangkap di Amerika", www.cnbcindonesia.com, Novina Putri Bestari, 28 August 2025, Diakses pada tanggal 28 Oktober 2025, Link: https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/tech/20250828143409-37-662212/maling-chip-rp-16-triliun-2-warga-china-ditangkap-di-amerika
2. Ibid.

Kamis, 23 Oktober 2025

Beragam Pengertian Hukum Tata Negara Menurut Para Ahli

  
(iStock)

Oleh:
Tim Hukumindo

Dalam perkuliahan sebelumnya platform www.hukumindo.com telah membahas mengenai "Dasar Hukum Gugatan Perdata Wanprestasi Dan PMH", "Direksi Sebagai Agen Perusahaan", silahkan dibaca juga mengenai "Direksi Sebagai Pengurus Perseroan" dan pada kesempatan ini akan dibahas perihal 'Beragam Pengertian Hukum Tata Negara Menurut Para Ahli'.

Mengenai arti hukum tata negara sampai sekarang belum terdapat kesatuan pendapat. Sarjana-sarjana hukum yang ternama di negeri Belanda dan di Indonesia mempunyai alasan-alasan yang cukup bagi pendapatnya masing-masing. Karena ilmu hukum di Indonesia dan sebagian dari hukum positif Indonesia dibangun dan dikembangkan oleh dunia keilmuan masyarakat Belanda, maka dalam taraf pertama kita perlu mengetahui pendapat-pendapat yang hidup di antara para sarjana hukum Belanda.[1]

Istilah "hukum tata negara" merupakan hasil terjemahan dari perkataan bahasa Belanda staatsrecht. Sudah menjadi kesatuan pendapat di antara para sarjana hukum Belanda untuk membedakan antara "hukum tata negara dalam arti luas" (staatsrecht in ruime zin) dan "hukum tata negara dalam arti sempit" (staatsrecht in enge zin). Perbedaan pendapat yang timbul di antara para sarjana hukum Belanda itu adalah justru mengenai batas-batas pengertian kedua golongan hukum ini.[2]

Berikut adalah beberapa pendapat para ahli hukum Belanda dimaksud:[3]
  1. Prof. Mr. Ph. Kleintjes dalam bukunya yang berjudul Staatsinstellingen van Ned. Indie, berpendapat bahwa pengertian hukum tata negara Hindia Belanda terdiri dari kaidah-kaidah hukum mengenai tata Hindia Belanda, yaitu tentang alat-alat perlengkapan kekuasaan negara yang harus menjalankan tugas Hindia Belanda, dan tentang susunan, tata, wewenang dan perhubungan kekuasaan di antara alat-alat perlengkapan itu.
  2. Prof. Dr. J.H.A. Logemann dalam bukunya yang berjudul Over de Theorie van een Stellig Staatsrecht, menerangkan bahwa hukum tata negara adalah serangkaian kaidah hukum mengenai pribadi hukum dan jabatan atau kumpulan jabatan di dalam negara dan mengenai lingkungan berlakunya hukum dari suatu negara.
  3. Prof. Mr. R. Kranenburg dalam bukunya berjudul Inleiding in het Nederlands Administratiefrecht, menerangkan bahwa hukum tata negara meliputi hukum mengenai susunan (struktur) umum dari negara, yaitu yang terdapat dalam undang-undang dasar, undang-undang organik.

Berikut dikutip beberapa pendapat ahli hukum Indonesia terkait pengertian hukum tata negara:
  1. Prof. Usep Ranawijaya, S.H., dalam bukunya yang berjudul Hukum Tata Negara Indonesia Dasar-dasarnya, memberikan pengertian hukum tata negara sebagai hukum mengenai organisasi negara pada umumnya (hubungan penduduk dengan negara, pemilihan umum, kepartaian, cara menyalurkan pendapat dari rakyat, wilayah negara, dasar negara, hak asasi manusia, lagu, bahasa, lambang, pembagian negara atas kesatuan-kesatuan kenegaraan, dan sebagainya), mengenai sistem pemerintahan negara, mengenai kehidupan politik rakyat dalam hubungan dengan susunan organisasi negara, mengenai susunan, tugas dan wewenang, perhubungan kekuasaan satu sama lain, serta perhubungannya dengan rakyat, dari alat-alat perlengkapan ketatanegaraan sebagai jabatan-jabatan tertinggi yang menetapkan prinsip umum bagi pelaksanaan berbagai usaha negara. Pendeknya segala sesuatu mengenai organisasi negara.[4]
  2. Kusumadi Pudjosewojo, dalam bukunya yang berjudul Pedoman Pelajaran Tata Hukum Indonesia, merumuskan definisi hukum tata negara sebagai hukum yang mengatur bentuk negara dan bentuk pemerintahan, yang menunjukkan masyarakat hukum yang atasan maupun yang bawahan, beserta tingkatan-tingkatannya yang selanjutnya menegaskan wilayah dan lingkungan rakyat dari masyarakat-masyarakat hukum itu dan akhirnya menunjukkan alat-alat perlengkapan yang memegang kekuasaan penguasa dari masyarakat hukum itu, beserta susunan, wewenang, tingkatan imbangan dari dan antara alat perlengkapan itu.[5]
  3. Prof. DR. Jimly Asshiddiqie, S.H., dalam bukunya berjudul Pengantar Ilmu Hukum Tata Negara dengan berbekal batasan mengenai keempat unsur dalam definisi hukum tata negara, memberikan pengertian hukum tata negara sebagai cabang ilmu hukum yang mempelajari prinsip-prinsip dan norma-norma hukum yang tertuang secara tertulis ataupun yang hidup dalam kenyataan praktik kenegaraan berkenaan dengan: (i) konstitusi yang berisi kesepakatan kolektif suatu komunitas rakyat mengenai cita-cita untuk hidup bersama dalam suatu negara; (ii) institusi-institusi kekuasaan negara beserta fungsi-fungsinya; (iii) mekanisme hubungan antar institusi itu; serta (iv) prinsip-prinsip hubungan antara institusi kekuasaan negara dengan warga negara.[6] 
________________
Referensi:

1. "Hukum Tata Negara Indonesia Dasar-dasarnya", Prof. Usep Ranawijaya, S.H., Ghalia Indonesia, Jakarta, 1982, Hal.: 11.
2. Ibid. Hal.: 12.
3. Ibid. Hal.: 12-15.
4. Ibid. Hal.: 20.
5. "Pedoman Pelajaran Tata Hukum Indonesia", Cet. ke-10, Kusumadi Pudjosewojo, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta, 2004, Hal.: 86. 
6. "Pengantar Ilmu Hukum Tata Negara", Prof. DR. Jimly Asshiddiqie, S.H., Rajawali Pers, Jakarta, 2015, Hal.: 29-30.

Selasa, 21 Oktober 2025

Theft at the Louvre Museum, Priceless Jewelry Missing

(iStock)

By:
Team of Hukumindo

Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about "Singapore is Considering Implementing Caning as a Punishment", "As a Result of 'Shutdown', Trump's Order Lays Off 4,108 US Federal Employees", you may read also "US Government Suing a Singaporean Company for More Than $100 Million" and on this occasion we will discuss about 'Theft at the Louvre Museum, Priceless Jewelry Missing'.

A Hollywood-themed heist rocked the world. In just four minutes, a group of thieves made off with eight pieces of historic jewelry from the Apollo's Gallery at the Louvre Museum in Paris, including a tiara and an emerald necklace belonging to the wives of Emperors Napoleon I and Napoleon III.[1]

Around 60 investigators are working on the case, and prosecutors suspect the robbers were working on behalf of a criminal organization. Anthony Amore, an art theft expert and author of 'Stealing Rembrandts', said the jewelry is priceless not just because of the diamonds or emeralds, but because of its cultural and historical significance. He said that if the gems were removed from their original setting, they would likely be sold separately on the black market, making them difficult to trace.[2] And if you have any legal issue in Indonesia territory, contact us for business inquiry, feel free in 24 hour, we will be glad to assist you. 


*) For further information please contact:
Mahmud Kusuma Advocate
Law Office
Jakarta - Indonesia.
E-mail: mahmudkusuma22@gmail.com

________________
References:

1. "Geng Kriminal Diduga Jadi Otak Pencurian di Museum Louvre Paris", www.cnbcindonesia.com, Diakses pada tanggal 21 Oktober 2025, Link: https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/lifestyle/20251020152716-33-677561/geng-kriminal-diduga-jadi-otak-pencurian-di-museum-louvre-paris
2. Ibid.

Senin, 20 Oktober 2025

Singapore is Considering Implementing Caning as a Punishment

(iStock)

By:
Team of Hukumindo

Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about "As a Result of 'Shutdown', Trump's Order Lays Off 4,108 US Federal Employees", "US Government Suing a Singaporean Company for More Than $100 Million", you may read also "The Judge Could not Understand The Medical Report Evidence During the Trial" and on this occasion we will discuss about 'Singapore is Considering Implementing Caning as a Punishment'.

Singapore is considering implementing caning as a punishment for fraudsters. "We will consider imposing caning for certain fraud-related offences, recognizing the serious harm they can cause," said Minister of State for Home Affairs and Social and Family Development, Sun Xueling. This move comes as Singapore is aggressively cracking down on fraud syndicates after recording record losses of S$1.1 billion (approximately IDR. 13 trillion).[1]

Trillions of dollars were lost to fraud cases in 2024, a 70 percent increase from the previous year. According to Sun, although the banking industry has implemented various protection measures, scammers are gaining the upper hand. "They are starting to ask victims to convert their money into cryptocurrency before making transfers, thus evading our banking safeguards," she said. Crypto-related fraud cases alone account for nearly 25 percent of all fraud losses. Sun advised Singaporeans to "avoid cryptocurrency."[2] And if you have any legal issue in Indonesia territory, contact us for business inquiry, feel free in 24 hour, we will be glad to assist you. 


*) For further information please contact:
Mahmud Kusuma Advocate
Law Office
Jakarta - Indonesia.
E-mail: mahmudkusuma22@gmail.com

________________
References:

1. "Singapura Kaji Hukuman Cambuk buat Pelaku Penipuan", www.cnnindonesia.com, 05 Mar 2025, Diakses pada tanggal 20 Oktober 2025, Link: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20250305085247-106-1205167/singapura-kaji-hukuman-cambuk-buat-pelaku-penipuan.
2. Ibid.

Kamis, 16 Oktober 2025

As a Result of 'Shutdown', Trump's Order Lays Off 4,108 US Federal Employees

(iStock)

By:
Team of Hukumindo

Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about "US Government Suing a Singaporean Company for More Than $100 Million", "The Judge Could not Understand The Medical Report Evidence During the Trial", you may read also "Contoh Surat Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara (KTUN)" and on this occasion we will discuss about 'As a Result of 'Shutdown', Trump's Order Lays Off 4,108 US Federal Employees'.

The number of federal employees laid off as a result of the U.S. government 'shutdown' was revised downward on Tuesday, October 14, 2025, suggesting that the Trump administration's initial statements about the scale of the layoffs were overstated. Documents filed with the U.S. Department of Justice show that 4,108 employees have been laid off since October 1, 2025, the first day of the shutdown. This figure is lower than the previous estimate of at least 4,278 affected employees.[1]

These layoffs represent only a small fraction of the total federal government workforce, which numbered approximately 2 million at the start of the Trump administration. Trump blamed the layoffs on a budget impasse between the White House and Congress, which has prevented federal agencies from operating at full capacity.[2] And if you have any legal issue in Indonesia territory, contact us for business inquiry, feel free in 24 hour, we will be glad to assist you. 


*) For further information please contact:
Mahmud Kusuma Advocate
Law Office
Jakarta - Indonesia.
E-mail: mahmudkusuma22@gmail.com

________________
References:

1. "Pemerintahan Trump Pecat 4.108 Pegawai Federal Sejak Shutdown Dimulai", www.metrotvnews.com, Muhammad Reyhansyah, 15 October 2025, Diakses pada tanggal 16 Oktober 2025, Link: https://www.metrotvnews.com/read/bJEC4MO7-pemerintahan-trump-pecat-4-108-pegawai-federal-sejak-shutdown-dimulai
2. Ibid.

Senin, 13 Oktober 2025

US Government Suing a Singaporean Company for More Than $100 Million

(iStock)

By:
Team of Hukumindo

Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about "The Judge Could not Understand The Medical Report Evidence During the Trial", "Contoh Surat Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara (KTUN)", you may read also "An Indonesian Citizen was Caught Stealing a Luxury Bag In Japan" and on this occasion we will discuss about 'US Government Suing a Singaporean Company for More Than $100 Million'.

The United States (US) has filed a lawsuit against a Singaporean company demanding more than US$100 million (approximately IDR 1.5 trillion) in damages. This is related to the destruction of a bridge in Baltimore after being struck by the cargo ship M/V Dali. The 300-meter-long ship reportedly struck the Francis Scott Key Bridge on March 26, 2024. The busy shipping lane was blocked, and six workers were killed.[1]

The lawsuit seeks to recover more than US$100 million in costs incurred in responding to the disaster and to remove tons of bridge debris. The Dali itself lost power while leaving Baltimore port for Sri Lanka and struck the bridge.[2] And if you have any legal issue in Indonesia territory, contact us for business inquiry, feel free in 24 hour, we will be glad to assist you. 


*) For further information please contact:
Mahmud Kusuma Advocate
Law Office
Jakarta - Indonesia.
E-mail: mahmudkusuma22@gmail.com

________________
References:

1. "AS Tiba-Tiba Hukum Perusahaan Singapura US$ 100 Juta, Ada Apa?", www.cnbcindonesia.com, 19 September 2024, Diakses pada tanggal 13 Oktober 2025, Link: https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20240919085451-4-572894/as-tiba-tiba-hukum-perusahaan-singapura-us--100-juta-ada-apa
2. Ibid.

Jumat, 10 Oktober 2025

The Judge Could not Understand The Medical Report Evidence During the Trial

(iStock)

By:
Team of Hukumindo

Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about "Contoh Surat Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara (KTUN)", "An Indonesian Citizen was Caught Stealing a Luxury Bag In Japan", you may read also "H-1B Visa Policy Accelerates Shift of Critical Jobs from the US to India" and on this occasion we will discuss about ''.

Doctors' handwriting that resembles chicken scratch and can only be understood by pharmacists is a common joke in India and around the world. However, a recent directive emphasizing legible handwriting came from the Punjab and Haryana High Court. In its ruling, the court stated that "a legible medical prescription is a fundamental right" as it can be a matter of life and death.[1]

The court order came in a case unrelated to handwriting, but involving alleged rape, fraud, and forgery. In the case, a woman accused a man of extorting money from her by promising her a government job. The man allegedly conducted a fake interview and sexually exploited her. The man denied the allegations, saying they had a consensual relationship and that the case was filed over a financial dispute. One of the pieces of evidence in the trial was a medical report from a government doctor who examined the woman. Judge Jasgurpreet Singh Puri, who presided over the case, admitted he could not understand the medical report.[2] And if you have any legal issue in Indonesia territory, contact us for business inquiry, feel free in 24 hour, we will be glad to assist you. 


*) For further information please contact:
Mahmud Kusuma Advocate
Law Office
Jakarta - Indonesia.
E-mail: mahmudkusuma22@gmail.com

________________
References:

1. "Pengadilan India perintahkan para dokter perbaiki tulisan cakar ayam", www.bbc.com, 4 Oktober 2025, Diakses pada tanggal 9 Oktober 2025, Link: https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c99g27545e0o
2. Ibid.

Senin, 06 Oktober 2025

Contoh Surat Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara (KTUN)

Oleh:
Tim Hukumindo

Sebelumnya platform www.hukumindo.com telah membahas mengenai "An Indonesian Citizen was Caught Stealing a Luxury Bag In Japan", "H-1B Visa Policy Accelerates Shift of Critical Jobs from the US to India", anda juga bisa membaca artikel kami yang lain berjudul "Starbucks Will Close Hundreds of Stores and Lay Off Employees in North America" dan pada kesempatan ini akan membahas mengenai 'Contoh Surat Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara (KTUN)'.


KEPUTUSAN WALIKOTA JAMBI
NOMOR: 06/II/1180/2015
TENTANG 
PENCABUTAN IZIN USAHA
TOKO HARUM MANIS JAYA

Membaca:
  1. Laporan Hasil Pemeriksaan Badan Pengawas Daerah Kota Jambi Nomor: 63/10/BAWASDA;
  2. Berita Acara Rapat Tim Penjatuhan Hukuman Pencabutan Izin Usaha Toko Harum Manis Jaya, 25 Januari 2014.

Menimbang:
  1. Bahwa hasil pemeriksaan tersebut pada angka 1 tersebut di atas, Toko Harum Manis Jaya, mengganggu ketertiban dan kenyamanan masyarakat sekitar, dan menyediakan, menyimpan, mengedarkan dan memfasilitasi segala bentuk minuman keras dan narkotika. Pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh toko tercantum pada Pasal 1 Peraturan Daerah Kota Jambi Nomor: 5 Tahun 2006 Tentang Pengawasan Penertiban Peredaran Minuman Beralkohol;
  2. Demi mewujudkan Ketentraman dan Ketertiban Umum berkaitan dengan Penyelenggaraan Kegiatan Usaha Toko.

Mengingat:
  1. Undang-undang Nomor: 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika;
  2. Peraturan Daerah Kota Jambi Nomor: 5 Tahun 2006 Tentang larangan minuman keras.

MEMUTUSKAN

Menetapkan:
  1. Mencabut Izin Tempat Usaha Toko: Nama: Selly Winda Puspitasari, S.E., Jabatan: Pemilik Toko Harum Manis Jaya, Alamat: Lorong Pattimura, Komplek Guru, Nomor: 07, RT: 041, RW: 001, Kelurahan: Kenali Besar, Kecamatan: Kota Baru Jambi.
  2. Keputusan ini berlaku sejak tanggal ditetapkan, dengan ketentuan apabila dikemudian hari ternyata terdapat kekeliruan dalam putusan ini, akan diadakan perbaikan sebagaimana mestinya;
  3. Keputusan ini disampaikan kepada yang bersangkutan untuk diindahkan dan dilaksanakan sebagaimana mestinya.

Ditetapkan di: Jambi
Pada tanggal: 2 Februari 2015




WALIKOTA JAMBI
Muhammad Farez, S.H., M.H.

Tembusan Keputusan ini disampaikan kepada:
  1. Yth. Bapak Kepala BNN Republik Indonesia;
  2. Yth. Bapak Gubernur Provinsi Jambi;
  3. Yth. Bapak Kepala BNN Provinsi Jambi;
  4. Pertinggalan.

________________
Referensi:

1. "Surat Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara", www.scribd.com, Dhea, 24 September 2019, Diakses pada tanggal 6 Oktober 2025, Link: https://www.scribd.com/document/427199912/1-Surat-Keputusan-Tata-Usaha-Negara-1

US Charges Chinese Citizen in Chip Smuggling Case

( iStock ) By: Team of Hukumindo Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about " Beragam Pengertian Hukum Tata Negara Menur...