Tentang Ancaman Pidana Memasuki Pekarangan Orang Lain Tanpa Izin

(iStock)

Oleh:

Tim Hukumindo

Pada kesempatan yang lalu platform www.hukumindo.com telah membahas mengenai "Is Resigning Workers Obtain Severance Payment?", "Subjek Dan Rumusan Delik" dan "Istilah Dan Pengertian Delik", pada kesempatan ini akan dibahas mengenai 'Tentang Ancaman Pidana Memasuki Pekarangan Orang Lain Tanpa Izin'. Jika anda bertamu ke rumah orang lain, selain diperlukan tata krama untuk diterima ditempat yang anda tuju, tidak salah jika anda juga mengetahui aturan hukum pidana dalam hal  masuk ke rumah orang lain tanpa disertai izin oleh yang bersangkutan. Untuk berjaga-jaga saja jika keadaan tidak seperti yang anda bayangkan.

Dasar Hukum 

Bunyi Pasal 167 ayat (1) Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP):[1]

"Barang siapa memaksa masuk ke dalam rumah, ruangan atau pekarangan tertutup yang dipakai orang lain dengan melawan hukum atau berada di situ dengan melawan hukum, dan atas permintaan yang berhak atau suruhannya tidak pergi dengan segera, diancam dengan pidana penjara paling lama sembilan bulan atau pidana denda paling banyak empat ribu lima ratus rupiah."

Jika kita teliti lebih dalam Pasal 167 ayat (1) KUHP sebagaimana telah dikutip di atas, maka ancaman yang dijanjikan oleh KUHP adalah pidana penjara paling lama sembilan bulan. Dengan kata lain, ancaman pidananya adalah di bawah satu tahun. Adapun unsur-unsur Pasal 167 ayat (1) KUHP ini di antaranya adalah: "Barangsiapa", "masuk secara paksa dengan cara melawan hukum atau berada di situ secara melawan hukum", "ke dalam rumah, ruangan atau pekarangan tertutup, atas permintaan yang berhak atau suruhannya tidak segera pergi".

Menurut R. Soesilo, yang dimaksud dengan Pidana Memasuki Pekarangan Orang Lain Tanpa Izin dapat dikategorikan dalam dua formula, yaitu:[2]

1. Dengan melawan hak masuk dengan paksa ke dalam rumah, ruangan tertutup, dan sebagainya;
2. Dengan melawan hak berada di rumah, ruangan tertutup, dan sebagainya, tidak dengan segera pergi dari tempat itu atas permintaan orang yang berhak atau atas nama orang yang berhak.

Penjelasan 

Masuk dengan paksa di sini, masih menurut R. Soesilo adalah harus adanya pernyataan kehendak terlebih dahulu dari yang mempunyai hak atau dari si empu-nya pemilik rumah/pekarangan. Pernyataan kehendak ini bisa dalam bentuk perkataan, perbuatan maupun dalam bentuk tulisan. Dalam bentuk perkataan contohnya adalah si empu-nya pemilik rumah mengeluarkan kata-kata supaya dengan segera untuk pergi dari wilayah rumah-nya. Dalam bentuk perbuatan misalnya menjadikan orang yang dituju segera ke luar dari rumah dimaksud. Dalam bentuk tulisan misalnya terdapat bacaan "DILARANG MASUK". 

Dalam arti setelah diperingatkan kemudian orang yang diperingatkan mengikuti peringatan sebagaimana telah diterangkan di atas, maka tidak dapat dijerat dengan Pasal 167 ayat (1) KUHP dimaksud. Sebaliknya, dalam hal setelah diperingatkan kemudian orang yang diperingati tidak mengikuti peringatan, bahkan kemudian masuk secara tanpa izin, maka besar kemungkinan dapat dijerat dengan Pasal 167 ayat (1) KUHP tersebut. 

____________________

References:

1. Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP);

2. "Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) Serta Komentar-komentarnya Lengkap Pasal Demi Pasal", R. Soesilo, Politeia, Bogor, 1991.

Is Resigning Workers Obtain Severance Payment?

(iStock)

By:

Team of Hukumindo

Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about "Knowing Conditional Leave According to Indonesian Law", "Knowing Parole in Indonesia", you may read also "A Brief Insight of Assimilation in Indonesia" and on this occasion we will discuss about 'Is Resigning Workers Obtain Severance Payment?'. 

Recently, we were presented with news in cyberspace about the layoffs that befell 'Shopee' employees. Of course this is not good news to hear for both employers and workers. Although this article is not directly related, it will discuss the other side of the termination of the employment relationship between workers and employers, namely related to the rights of workers who decide to resign. Is Resigning Workers Obtain Severance Payment? That's roughly the main question of this article.

Legal Basis of Resign in Indonesian Law

Provisions related to resigning have been regulated in Government Regulation (PP) Number 35 of 2021 concerning Work Agreements for Certain Time, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment. The regulation contains Article 36 letter I which reads, the worker or laborer resigns of his own free will and must meet the following requirements:[1]

• Submit a written application for resignation no later than 30 (thirty) days prior to the start date of the resignation;
• Not bound in the bond of service; and
• Continue to carry out their obligations until the date of resignation.

These requirements must be met by employees who wish to resign from their jobs. First, understand the conditions listed in the regulations before you find out about severance pay.[2] The important thing regarding resignation is that it is not done suddenly or hastily, according to the rules as referred to above, it is done within 30 days of written notification. In addition, they continue to carry out their work obligations until the date of resignation arrives, although in practice, before the date of resignation, handovers have been carried out to other workers.

Is Resigning Get Severance Pay? 

Every worker has his own rights and obligations. What about employees who decide to leave the company? Are there any rights that can be obtained by them? The answers to questions related to the rights of employees who resign have been recorded in Government Regulation (PP) Number 35 of 2021, to be precise in Article 50, that workers or laborers who resign of their own accord and meet the requirements as referred to in Article 36 letter I are entitled to:[3]

1. Compensation money in accordance with Article 40 paragraph (4); and
2. Separation money, the amount of which is regulated in the Employment Agreement, Company Regulations or Collective Labor Agreement.

What is meant by compensation money? (a) Annual leave that has not been taken and has not yet in due date condition; (b) The cost or cost of returning the worker or laborer and his family to the place where the worker or laborer is accepted to work; and (c) Other matters stipulated in the Employment Agreement, Company Regulations or Collective Labor Agreement. (d)  Furthermore, Article 58 (1) regulates employers who include workers or laborers in the pension program in accordance with the provisions of the legislation in the field of pension funds.[4] 

What is meant by separation money? Separation money is money given by the company as an award for the dedication and loyalty of employees during a certain period of service with good performance, and is a compensation for the absence of severance pay and service fees. Separate money is usually given specifically to employees whose duties and functions do not directly represent the employer (non-management committee). In contrast to severance pay, compensation for entitlements, and service pay, this severance pay is based on the employment contract and company policies.[5]

From the provisions as explained above, employees who resign or resign do NOT obtain severance pay. And if you have any legal issue with this topic (rights of workers who decide to resign), contact us then, feel free in 24 hour, we will be happy to assist you.

*) For further information please contact:

Mahmud Kusuma Advocate

Law Office

Jakarta - Indonesia.

E-mail: mahmudkusuma22@gmail.com

________________

References:

1. "Karyawan Resign Berhak Dapat Pesangon? Cek Aturannya!", www.cnbcindonesia.com., diakses pada tanggal 26 September 2022, https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/mymoney/20220204150921-72-312945/karyawan-resign-berhak-dapat-pesangon-cek-aturannya

2. Ibid.

3. Ibid.

4. Ibid.

5. "Perbedaan Uang Pisah dan Pesangon yang Wajib Diketahui", glints.com., Diakses pada tanggal 26 September 2022, https://glints.com/id/lowongan/perbedaan-pesangon-dan-uang-pisah/#.YzDk_X1Bxdg

Knowing Conditional Leave According to Indonesian Law

 

(iStock)

By:

Team of Hukumindo

Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about "Contoh Surat Pencabutan Gugatan", "Contoh Surat Kuasa Substitusi", you may read also "Knowing Parole in Indonesia" and still on matters related to the rights of prisoners living in correctional institutions in Indonesia, in this occasion we will discuss about 'Knowing Conditional Leave According to Indonesian Law'. Let's check it out.

Legal Terms of Conditional Leave (Cuti Bersyarat)

Conditional leave is a coaching program to integrate prisoners and children in conflict with the law into community life after fulfilling predetermined requirements.[1] This is equal to a prison program to reintegrate prisoners into society.

Conditional Leave Terms

The following are the 5 conditions for obtaining conditional leave:[2]

1. Maximum 1 Year 6 Months imprisonment;
2. Has served 2/3 (two thirds) of the criminal period;
3. Good behavior for the past 6 months for general crimes, and 9 months for prisoners of Terrorism, Narcotics and Narcotics Precursors, Psychotropics, corruption, crimes against State security and serious human rights crimes, as well as other transnational organized crimes;
4. Paying in full fines, and/or replacement money for criminal acts of corruption, and for crimes of terrorism must also show awareness and remorse, and state a written pledge of allegiance to the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, and will not repeat acts of terrorism in writing for foreign nationals.
5. Conditional Leave is granted for a maximum of 4 (four) months.

The author needs to emphasize that what is meant by conditional leave is basically related to the following two conditions, namely a maximum of 1 year 6 months and has served 2/3 (two thirds) of the criminal period. In addition, also complete your application with the following:[3]

1. Photocopies of excerpts from judges' decisions and minutes of implementation of court decisions and reports on development progress made by correctional guardians/results of risk assessment and needs assessment carried out by assessors and community research reports made by Community Counselors who are known to the Head of the Correctional Institution.
2. Notification letter to the District Attorney regarding the plan to give CB/Conditional Leave to the prisoners and correctional students concerned.
3. A copy of register "F", a copy of the list of changes from the head of the prison and a statement from the prisoner or correctional student that they will not commit an unlawful act.
4. A letter of guarantee of ability from the family known to the "lurah", village head stating that prisoners or correctional students will not run away and commit unlawful acts, as well as assisting in guiding and supervising prisoners / correctional students during the CB/Conditional Leave program.
5. Foreign prisoners/students must fulfill the completeness of the documents, namely a guarantee letter that they will not run away and will comply with the requirements specified by the state embassy/consulate and their families, persons, or corporations who are responsible for the presence and activities of the prisoners/students while in the territory of Indonesia. and attach a certificate from the Director General of Immigration or a designated Immigration Officer stating that the person concerned is exempt from the obligation to have a residence permit.

Procedure for Granting Conditional Leave

The following is the procedure for obtaining conditional leave: [4]

1. The correctional observer team recommends the proposal for granting CB/Conditional Leave to the head of prison based on data on inmates and convicted criminals who have met the requirements.
2. The head of prison approves the proposal for granting CB/Conditional Leave.
3. The proposal for granting CB/Conditional Leave is submitted to the Head of the Regional Office on behalf of the Minister to determine the decision to grant CB/Conditional Leave based on the recommendation of the correctional observer team at the office region.

And if you have any legal issue with your CB/Conditional Leave application, contact us then, feel free in 24 hour, we will be happy to assist you. 

*) For further information please contact:

Mahmud Kusuma Advocate

Law Office

Jakarta - Indonesia.

E-mail: mahmudkusuma22@gmail.com

________________

References:

1. "Apa itu Bebas Bersyarat yang Diperoleh Pinangki hingga Zumi Zola?", www.detik.com., Diakses pada tanggal 24 September 2022, Link: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-6276725/apa-itu-bebas-bersyarat-yang-diperoleh-pinangki-hingga-zumi-zola

2. "CUTI BERSYARAT (CB)", www.lapasambon.com., Diakses pada tanggal 24 September 2022, http://www.lapasambon.com/cuti-bersyarat.html

3. "PROGRAM REMISI,ASIMILASI,PB,CB,CMB, DAN CMK", lpppkp.kemenkumham.go.id., Diakses pada tanggal 9 September 2022, https://lpppkp.kemenkumham.go.id/informasi-publik/prosedur-pelayanan/layanan-bidang-informasi-dan-komunikasi-6/program-remisi-asimilasi-pb-cb-cmb-dan-cmk

4. Ibid.

Contoh Surat Pencabutan Gugatan

(iStock)

Oleh:

Tim Hukumindo

Pada kesempatan yang lalu platform www.hukumindo.com telah membahas mengenai "Contoh Surat Kuasa Substitusi", "Contoh Surat Pencabutan Kuasa" dan "Contoh Surat Kuasa Menghadiri Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS)", pada kesempatan ini akan dibahas mengenai 'Contoh Surat Pencabutan Gugatan'. Perhatikan contoh berikut:[1]

Jakarta, 13 Agustus 2022

Nomor : 980/PT. PN I/YYY/VIII/22’

Lampiran : -

Perihal : Pencabutan Perkara Perdata Reg. Nomor: XXX/Pdt.G/2022/PN. Jkt. Brt. Pada Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Barat

Kepada Yth.:

Ketua Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Barat

Cq. Majelis Hakim Perkara Perdata Reg. Nomor: 

XXX/Pdt.G/2022/PN. Jkt. Brt.

D/a : Jalan Letjen S. Parman Kavling Nomor: 71, RT/RW: 10/03, Kel.: Slipi, Kec.: Palmerah, Kota: Jakarta Barat, Provinsi: D.K.I. Jakarta. KP: 11410. Telepon: (021) 53661110.

Dengan hormat,

Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:

• YYY, S.H., M.H.

Advokat & Konsultan Hukum pada “YYY” Law Office, beralamat di: Jl. Lingkar Luar Barat, Nomor: XYZ, Kel.: Rawa Buaya, Kec.: Cengkareng, Kota: Jakarta Barat, Provinsi: D.K.I. Jakarta - 11740, berdasarkan Surat Kuasa Khusus tertanggal XX Juni 2022, dalam hal ini bertindak untuk dan atas nama PT. PN I, beralamat di Jalan Yang Diridhoi Allah V/IC, Kelurahan: Rawa Buaya, Kecamatan: Cengkareng, Kota: Jakarta Barat, Provinsi: D.K.I. Jakart, sebagaimana perihal di atas, dengan ini mencabut gugatan perkara perdata reg. Nomor: XXX/Pdt.G/2022/PN. Jkt. Brt. Pada Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Barat sebagaimana dimaksud.

Demikian hal ini kami sampaikan, atas perhatian dan kerjasamanya diucapkan terima kasih.

Hormat kami,

Kuasa Hukum Penggugat

Ttd.

YYY, S.H., M.H.

PERADI NIA: 19.00555

Cc. : - Client;

- File.

____________________

References:

1. Dokumen pribadi.

Contoh Surat Kuasa Substitusi

(iStock)

Oleh:

Tim Hukumindo

Pada kesempatan yang lalu platform www.hukumindo.com telah membahas mengenai "Knowing Parole in Indonesia", "Contoh Surat Pencabutan Kuasa" dan "Contoh Surat Kuasa Menghadiri Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS)", pada kesempatan ini akan dibahas mengenai 'Contoh Surat Kuasa Substitusi'. Surat Kuasa substitusi adalah pergantian penerima kuasa melalui mekanisme pengalihan dari penerima kuasa awal ke penerima kuasa pengganti. Dasar hukumnya adalah Pasal 1803 Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata (KUH Perdata/BW). Contoh di bawah ini bisa dipakai untuk perkara perdata, pidana, tata usaha negara atau perkara lainnya, tinggal dilakukan penyesuaian saja sesuai kebutuhan. Perhatikan contoh berikut:[1]

SURAT  KUASA  SUBSTITUSI

Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:

Nama : MK, S.H., M.H.

Profesi : Advokat

Nama Kantor : XXX Law Office

Alamat : Gd. ZZZ, Unit: 9, Jl. Lingkar Luar Barat, Nomor: 8, Kel.: Rawa Buaya, Kec.: Cengkareng, Kota: Jakarta Barat, Provinsi: D.K.I. Jakarta – 11740.

Untuk selanjutnya disebut sebagai “Pemberi Kuasa”.

Pemberi Kuasa dengan ini menerangkan memberikan Kuasa Substitusi kepada:

Nama : NIW, S.H.

Profesi : Advokat

Nama Kantor : XXX Law Office

Alamat : Gd. ZZZ, Unit: 9, Jl. Lingkar Luar Barat, Nomor: 8, Kel.: Rawa Buaya, Kec.: Cengkareng, Kota: Jakarta Barat, Provinsi: D.K.I. Jakarta – 11740.

Untuk selanjutnya disebut sebagai “Penerima Kuasa”.

-------------------------------K H U S U S-------------------------------

Bertindak untuk dan atas nama Pemberi Kuasa untuk menghadiri sidang perkara perdata Reg. No: NNN/Pdt.G/2022/PN. Jkt. Brt. pada Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Barat tanggal XX September 2022 dalam agenda: YY.

Demikian surat kuasa substitusi ini dibuat untuk digunakan sebagaimana mestinya.

Jakarta, XX September 2022

Penerima Kuasa                             Pemberi Kuasa

XXX Law Office

Ttd.                                                     Ttd.

NIW, S.H.                                     MK, S.H., M.H.

(Advokat)                                         (Managing Partners)

____________________

References:

1. Dokumen pribadi.

Knowing Parole in Indonesia

 

(iStock)

By:

Team of Hukumindo

Previously, the www.hukumindo.com platform has talk about "Conditions for Obtaining Assimilation Program in Indonesia", "A Brief Insight of Assimilation in Indonesia", you may read also "Types of Remission in Indonesia" and on this occasion we will discuss about 'Knowing Parole in Indonesia'.

Having previously discussed about assimilation, on this auspicious occasion will be discussed related to parole. Basically, parole has allowed residents of the correction institution to return to society (breathe of freedom). Even though it has fully returned to society, there are still some 'controls' that remain from the correction institutions, such as one of them being obliged for regular present report. 

What is Parole?

Actually in the Criminal Code there are no article that specifically mentions the meaning of parole. The Criminal Code only mentions the conditions for an inmate to be entitled to parole. The definition of parole seems clearer when you look at the laws and regulations outside the Criminal Code and the opinions of experts in the field of law. Conditional release according to the provisions of Article 1 letter b of the Decree of the Minister of Justice Number M.01-PK.04.10 of 1999 concerning Assimilation, parole and leave before being released, namely:[1]

"Pembebasan bersyarat dan cuti menjelang bebas adalah proses pembinaan Narapidana di luar Rumah Tahanan atau Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 15 dan 16 KUHP serta Pasal 14, Pasal 22 dan Pasal 29 Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1995 tentang Pemasyarakatan (Free translation: Conditional release and leave before being released is the process of fostering inmates outside the Detention Center or Correctional Institution, based on the provisions of Articles 15 and 16 of the Criminal Code as well as Article 14, Article 22 and Article 29 of Law Number 12 of 1995 concerning Corrections)"

This is what is meant by parole which we recently granted to corruption convicts such as Ratu Atut (Former Governor of Banten), Pinangki Sirna Malasari (Former Prosecutor related to the Joko Candra case), Zumi Zola (Former Governor of Jambi) and others.

Legal Basis of Parole

The legal basis for parole is regulated in the Criminal Code (KUHP) and Law Number: 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections. Nor other implementing regulations such as Decree of the Minister of Justice Number M.01-PK.04.10 of 1999 concerning Assimilation, parole and leave before being released. As well as other relevant legal sources.

Conditions for Obtaining Parole

The following are the conditions for obtaining parole:[2]

1. Has served a minimum criminal period of 2/3 (two thirds), provided that 2/3 (two thirds) of the criminal period is at least 9 (nine) months;
2. Good behavior while serving a criminal period of at least the last 9 (nine) months calculated before 2/3 (two thirds) of the criminal period;
3. Has undergone assimilation of at least 1/2 (one half) of the remaining criminal period that must be served (Convicts of criminal acts of terrorism, narcotics and narcotics precursors, psychotropic substances, corruption, serious human rights crimes, transnational crimes, and crimes against state security);
4. Have attended the coaching program well, diligently, and enthusiastically;
5. The public can receive the prisoner coaching activity program;
6. Parole can be given to State Children after undergoing training for at least 1 (one) year;
7. Photocopy of the excerpt of the judge's decision and the minutes of the implementation of the court's decision;
8. Report on the development progress made by the correctional guardian/ the results of the risk assessment and needs assessment carried out by the assessor;
9. Community research report made by the Community Advisor who is known to the Head of the Father's;
10. Notification letter to the District Attorney regarding the plan to give parole to the Prisoners and Correctional Students concerned;
11. Copy of register F from the Head of Prison;
12. A copy of the change list from the Head of Prison;
13. A statement from the prisoner or the correctional student will not commit any unlawful act;
14. A letter of guarantee of ability from the family known to the Chief Village or 'lurah' or 'kepala desa', the Chief Village stating that prisoners or correctional students will not run away and commit unlawful acts, as well as assisting in guiding and supervising prisoners/correctional students during the parole program;
15. In addition, for convicts of criminal acts of terrorism, narcotics and narcotics precursors, psychotropic substances, corruption, serious human rights crimes, transnational crimes, and crimes against state security, attach: (a). A certificate of willingness to cooperate to help dismantle the criminal act he has committed as determined by the law enforcement agency; (b). Certificate of having participated in the De-radicalization program from the Head of Prisons and/or the National Agency for Combating Terrorism (for Terrorism Convicts).

Procedure for Obtaining Parole

The following are the procedure for obtaining parole:[3]

1. The correctional observer team recommends the proposal for granting parole for inmates and criminal juveniles to the head of the prison based on the data of inmates and convicts who have met the requirements; 
2. The head of the prison approves the proposal for granting remission;
3. The proposal for granting parole is submitted to the head of the regional office based on the recommendation of the correctional observer team at the regional office;
4. The proposal is submitted to the Director General, the Director General on behalf of the Minister determines the granting of parole.

And if you have any legal issue with your parole application, contact us then, feel free in 24 hour, we will be happy to assist you. 

*) For further information please contact:

Mahmud Kusuma Advocate

Law Office

Jakarta - Indonesia.

E-mail: mahmudkusuma22@gmail.com

________________

References:

1. "Jaksa Pinangki Keluar dari Penjara, Apa Itu Bebas Bersyarat?", nasional.tempo.co, Diakses pada tanggal 9 September 2022, https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1631387/jaksa-pinangki-keluar-dari-penjara-apa-itu-bebas-bersyarat

2. "PROGRAM REMISI,ASIMILASI,PB,CB,CMB, DAN CMK", lpppkp.kemenkumham.go.id., Diakses pada tanggal 9 September 2022, https://lpppkp.kemenkumham.go.id/informasi-publik/prosedur-pelayanan/layanan-bidang-informasi-dan-komunikasi-6/program-remisi-asimilasi-pb-cb-cmb-dan-cmk

3. Ibid.